Irena Ilieva
Papers of BAS. Humanities and Social Sciences
Vol. 10, 2023, No. 1
Temporary protection in Bulgaria and the implementation
of the Temporary Protection Directive 2001/55/EC of 21 July 2001
in relationship with the war in Ukraine
Irena Ilieva
Abstract. The article is aimed at presenting and analysing the state of the art of the implementation of the Temporary Protection Directive 2001/55/EC in Bulgaria after the adoption of the Council Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/382 of 4 March 2022 establishing the existence of a mass influx of displaced persons from Ukraine within the meaning of Article 5 of Directive 2001/55/EC. The Russian aggression in Ukraine on 24 February 2022 urged the European Union to apply for the first time the protective measures promoting a balance of efforts between Member States in receiving such persons and bearing the consequences thereof. The article makes a comparative analysis of the main dispositions of the Directive, the Implementing Decision and the relevant Bulgarian domestic legislation and implementing decisions. The focus is on selected rights of the displaced Ukrainian people under the temporary protection: the right to appropriate accommodation/housing; and the right to work and access to the labour market. The article presents statistical data as of 29 November 2023. The main findings are that the Bulgarian implementation of the Temporary Protection Directive is larger than the European approach; the housing measures were prompt and adequate, and the access to the labour market is equal to the rights of the Bulgarian citizens.
Keywords: temporary protection, implementing decision of the Temporary Protection Directive, displaced persons, right of appropriate accommodation, right to work
Papers of BAS, Humanities and Social Sciences
Vol. 4, No 1, 2017
LEGAL SCIENCES
CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE SYNERGIES BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION STRATEGY FOR THE DANUBE REGION AND THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGIME FOR THE RIVER DANUBE
Irena Ilieva
Absract: The article aims at reviewing the main priorities in the European Union Strategy for the Danube Region with the main focus on the waterway transport, to present some of the achievements in the last seven years and to compare them with the international legal regulations on the river Danube, in particular – the Belgrade Convention regarding the Regime of Navigation on the Danube and the Convention on Cooperation for the Protection and Sustainable Use of the Danube River.
The main conclusion is that the international legal regulation on the river Danube should be further improved by integrating sustainable development issues, environment protection issues, quality assurance of water, and preservation of the rich cultural and historical heritage for the good of the people living in the Danube Region.
Key words: EU Strategy for the Danube Region, connecting the Danube Region, Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T), protecting the environment in the Danube Region, prosperity in the Danube Region, Convention regarding the regime of navigation on the Danube, freedom of navigation, Convention on Cooperation for the Protection and Sustainable Use of the Danube River